J. Robert Oppenheimer
J. Robert Oppenheimer&#;s Timeline
Apr 22nd Born in New York, New York.
Sep Enrolled in the Ethical Cultural School in New York City.
Graduated as valedictorian of his high school class.
After being bedridden with dysentery, spent the summer in New Mexico to recuperate.
Enrolled at Harvard University.
Began graduate work in physics at Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, England under J. J. Thomson.
Moved from Cavendish Laboratory to the University of Göttingen to finish his graduate studies under Max Born.
Received Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Göttingen.
Joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, and Caltech.
Jan Organized a program on fast neutron theoretical physics at the University of California at Berkeley.
Jun Joined the Chicago Met Lab to lead an effort on fast neutron physics, and prepared an outline for the entire neutron physics program.
Jul Sep Assembled theoretical study group in Berkeley to examine the principles of bomb design. Emerged as the natural leader.
Sep 29th Proposed that a &#;fast-neutron lab&#; to study fast neutron physics and develop designs for an
Leslie R. Groves
Leslie R. Groves&#;s Timeline
Aug 17th Born in Albany, New York.
Graduated 4th in his class from West Point.
Feb 10th Married Grace Wilson.
Jul Posted to the War Department General Staff in Washington, DC and named special assistant for construction to the Quartermaster General.
Nov Took command of the Fixed Fee Branch of the Construction Division and promoted to Colonel.
Oversaw construction of the Pentagon in Arlington, VA.
Sep 17th Notified at a.m. by Gen. Brehon Somervell that his assignment overseas was cancelled and that he would take another assignment &#; command of the Manhattan Engineer District.
Sep 18th Bought tons of high quality Belgian Congo uranium ore stored on Staten Island.
Sep 19th Selected Oak Ridge, TN as the site for the pilot uranium enrichment plant. Purchased Site X or 52, acres of land on the Clinch River.
Sep 19th At Groves&#; insistence, the Manhattan Project is granted approval by the War Production Board to use the highest emergency procurement priority in existence (AAA) when needed.
Sep 23rd Promoted to Brigadier General.
Oct Puts DuPont in charge of the plutonium production proje
The Unlikely Pair
General Leslie Groves and J. Robert Oppenheimer were a study in contrasts, yet both were indispensable to the success of the Manhattan Project. Both men were extremely ambitious and overcame personal differences to achieve their common purpose.
General Leslie Groves
A West Point graduate, General Leslie Groves was chosen to head the Manhattan Project for the Army Corps of Engineers in September Prior to his assignment, Groves was in charge of all domestic Army construction during the mobilization period for World War II. The projects included the building of camps, depots, air bases, munitions plants, hospitals, airplane plants, and the Pentagon. Groves oversaw a million men and spent $8 billion on Army construction with a peak month in July of $ million, the equivalent of fifteen Pentagons. Groves&#; proven record of managing complex undertakings made him a logical choice to lead the Manhattan Project.
Colonel Kenneth D. Nichols, district engineer of the Manhattan Engineer District, wrote of Groves: &#;First, General Groves is the biggest S.O.B. I have ever worked for. He is most demanding. He is most critical. He is always a driver, never a prais
The Manhattan Project: Making the Atomic Bomb
Oppenheimer and Groves
Oppenheimer, selected to head the new laboratory, proved to be an excellent director despite initial concerns about his administrative inexperience, leftist political sympathies, and lack of a Nobel Prize when several scientists he would be directing were prize winners. Groves worked well with Oppenheimer although the two were fundamentally different in temperament. Groves was a practical-minded military man, brusque and goal oriented. His aide, Colonel Nichols, characterized his heavyset boss as ruthless, egotistical, and confident, "the biggest S.O.B. I have ever worked for. He is most demanding. He is most critical. He is always a driver, never a praiser. He is abrasive and sarcastic," Nichols admitted, however, that if he had it to do over again, he would once again "pick General Groves [as his boss]" because of his unquestioned ability.39 Groves demanded that the Manhattan Project scientists spend all their time on the bomb and resist the temptation, harmless enough in peacetime, to follow lines of research that had no direct applicability to immediate problems. In contrast to Grov
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